xii
7
.
The Microcirculation
7.1 Structure
of
the Microcirculation
............................................................
192
7.1.1 Functional Organization
of
the Microvasculature
..........................
192
7.1.2 The Capillary Circulation
...............................................................
196
7.2 Pressure-Flow Relation and Microcirculatory Mechanics
......................
200
7.2.1 Flow-Related Mechanical Characteristics
of
the
Microcirculation
.............................................................................
200
7.2.2 Some Pressure-Related Mechanical Characteristics
......................
202
7.3 Pulse Transmission and Modeling Aspects
.............................................
206
7.3.1 Pressure and Flow Waveforms in Arterioles and Capillaries
.........
206
7.3.2 Pulse Transmission Characteristics in the Microcirculation
..........
208
7.3.3 Modeling Aspects
of
the Microcirculation
.....................................
210
8
.
Hemodynamic Measurements and Dynamics
of
the Assisted Circulation
8.1 Pressure. Flow and Dimension Measurements
.......................................
214
8.1.1 Invasive Blood Pressure Measurements
.........................................
214
8.1.1.1 The Needle-Pressure Transducer System
...........................
214
8.1.1.2 The Catheter-Pressure Transducer Systems
.......................
217
8.1.2 Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurements
..................................
222
8.1.2.1 Auscultatory Measurement
of
Blood Pressure
...................
222
8.1.2.2 Blood Pressure Measurement with the Oscillometric
Method
...............................................................................
224
8.1.2.3 Noninvasive Blood Pressure Monitoring with
Tonometer
..........................................................................
225
8.1.3 Blood Flow Measurement
..............................................................
226
8.1.3.1 Electromagnetic Flowmeter
...............................................
226
8.1.3.2 Ultrasound Doppler Velocimeters
......................................
227
8.1.3.3 Indicator Dilution Methods and Thermodilution
...............
229
8.1.4 Measurement of Vascular Dimensions
..........................................
233
8.2 The Assisted Circulation and the Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
.................
234
8.2.1 Mechanical Assist Devices and the Assisted Circulation
..............
234
Bibliography.
....................................................................................................
245
Index
.................................................................................................................
253
